If your bipolar transistor measures contrary to these steps, consider it to be bad. Swap the leads (Positive to Emitter and Negative to Collector) – Once again, a good NPN or PNP transistor should read “OL”. Hook the postitive meter lead to the COLLECTOR (C) and the negative meter lead to the EMITTER (E) – A good NPN or PNP transistor will read "OL"/Over Limit on the meter. Hook the negative meter lead to the BASE (B) of the transistor. Hook the positive lead from the multimeter to the to the COLLECTOR (C) of the transistor. Hook the negative meter lead to the BASE (B) of the transistor.įor an good NPN transistor, you should see “OL” (Over Limit).If you are testing PNP transistor, the meter should show a voltage drop between 0.45V and 0.9V. Hook the positive lead from the multimeter to the to the EMITTER (E) of the transistor. If you are testing PNP transistor, you should see "OL" (Over Limit). Keep the postitive lead on the BASE (B) and place the negative lead to the COLLECTOR (C).įor an good NPN transistor, the meter should show a voltage drop between 0.45V and 0.9V. If you are testing PNP transistor, you should see “OL” (Over Limit). For an good NPN transistor, the meter should show a voltage drop between 0.45V and 0.9V. Hook the negative meter lead to the EMITTER (E) of the transistor. Hook the positive lead from the multimeter to the to the BASE (B) of the transistor. Remove the transistor from the circuit for accurate test results. (Some meters have the diode test function coupled with the continuity test – this is OK). If your meter does not have a transistor testing function, fear not – transistors can easily be checked with the “Diode” testing setting. You will probably get information such as the gain(hFE) that could be checked against the datasheet as well as a pass/fail reading. Some multimeters have a built-in transistor testing function, if yours does, you can skip this blog post – simply insert your transistor into the socket on the multimeter and set the meter to the correct mode. Specialized component analyzers exist to do this task, but the expense can be difficult to justify for the average hobbiest.įortunately, using a DMM to get a basic pass/fail reading from a suspected faulty NPN or PNP bipoloar transistor is a simple and quick task. One particularly usefull skill is knowing how to test a transistor using a digital multimeter. In a pinch, a DMM can even substitute for expensive, specialized test equipment. These versitiale devices can be used to test and diagnose a wide range of circuits and components. ![]() The collector and emitter terminals are connected to the horizontal input terminals of the XY recorder, and the voltage drop across resistor R 2 provides the vertical input.Ask any field or bench technician what their most-used piece of test equipment is and they will probably say a DMM (Digital MultiMeter). One power supply is connected to produce base current (I B) via resistor R 1, and the other provides I C flow through R 2. A more convenient method of plotting characteristics using an XY recorder is illustrated in Fig. Transistor Testing Circuit characteristics may be plotted by obtaining a table of corresponding levels of current and voltage, as already discussed. Then, the switch should be operated to display the characteristics of the Transistor Testing Circuit under investigation. The characteristics of a known good transistor should first be displayed. A switch permits selection of either socket. ![]() Two transistor sockets are normally provided to display the characteristics of two devices. Some digital multifunction instruments have testing facilities for measuring transistor h FE values.Ī Transistor Testing Circuit may be rapidly checked by use of a curve tracer, (see Fig. The diode testing terminals on a digital multimeter may also be used for testing translator CB and EB junctions. It should also indicate open-circuit when measuring between the collector and emitter terminals. The measured resistance between the collector and emitter terminals of a good Transistor Testing Circuit should be very high regardless of the ohmmeter terminal polarity.Ī digital ohmmeter may show a resistance of a few megohms when measuring a good forward-biased junction, and an open-circuit indication (OL) for a reverse-biased junction, (Fig. The terminal polarity of some multimeters is reversed when used as an ohmmeter. A good reverse-biased junction gives a very high resistance measurement. With an analog ohmmeter, a good forward-biased pit-junction typically indicates half-scale, (see Fig. As in the case of a diode, the measured resistance of a forward-biased junction depends upon the ohmmeter range. An ohmmeter may be used for checking the transistor emitter-base and collector-base junctions.
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